Kurasikirwa kwemavhitamini panguva yekugadzira chikafu chemhuka
Kune mapuroteni, makabhohaidhiretsi, mafuta, uye zvicherwa, kugadzirisa kune zvishoma mhedzisiro pabioavailability yavo, nepo mavhitamini mazhinji asina kugadzikana uye ari nyore oxidized, akaora, akaparadzwa, kana kurasika, saka kugadzirisa kuchakanganisa zvigadzirwa zvavo.Iine simba guru;uye mukati mekuchengetedza chikafu, kurasikirwa kwemavhitamini kune chekuita nekuvharwa kwemudziyo wekurongedza, hupenyu hwesherufu, uye tembiricha yepakati.
Muchiito chekuwedzera uye kuputika, kusagadziriswa kwevhithamini kuchaitika, kurasikirwa kwevhitamini E-soluble inogona kusvika 70%, uye kurasikirwa kwevhitamini K kunogona kusvika 60%;vhitamini kurasikirwa kwechikafu chemhuka yakawedzera zvakare yakakura panguva yekuchengetedza, uye kurasikirwa kwevhitamini yakanyungudika yakawanda kupfuura iyo yeboka B Mavhitamini, vhitamini A uye vhitamini D3 anorasika anenge 8% uye 4% pamwedzi;uye mavhitamini B anorasika anenge 2% kusvika 4% pamwedzi.
Munguva yeextrusion process, 10% ~ 15% yevhitamini uye pigments inorasika paavhareji.Kuchengetwa kwevhitamini kunoenderana nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, kugadzirira uye kuwedzera tembiricha, unyoro, nguva yekuchengetedza, etc. Kazhinji, kuwedzera kwakanyanya kunoshandiswa kubhadhara, uye chimiro chakagadzikana chevhitamini C chinogonawo kushandiswa, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwevhitamini panguva yekugadzirisa nekuchengetedza. .
Nzira yekuderedza sei kurasikirwa kwevhithamini panguva yekugadzirisa?
1. Shandura chimiro chemakemikari emamwe mavhitaminzi kuti aite akanyanya kugadzikana makomisheni;senge thiamine mononitrate pachinzvimbo cheiyo yemahara base fomu, esters ye retinol (acetate kana palmitate), tocopherol Inotsiva doro uye ascorbic acid phosphate panzvimbo yeascorbic acid.
2. Mavhitamini anogadzirwa kuita microcapsules senzira imwe.Nenzira iyi, vhitamini ine kugadzikana kuri nani uye inogona kuwedzera dispersibility yevhitamini mukudya kwakasanganiswa.Mavhitaminzi anogona kuve emulsified negelatin, starch, uye glycerin (antioxidants inowanzoshandiswa) kana kupfapfaidzwa mumamicrocapsules, inoteverwa nekuputira starch.Kudzivirirwa kwevhitamini panguva yekugadziriswa kunogona kukwidziridzwa nekuwedzeredzwa kweiyo microcapsules, semuenzaniso nekudziya kuomesa mamicrocapsules (anowanzo kunzi macrocapsules akabatanidzwa).Kubatanidza-kuchinjika kunogona kuitwa neMaillard maitiro kana mamwe maitiro emakemikari.Mazhinji evhitamini A anoshandiswa nevagadziri vezvipfuyo vekuAmerican vanogadzira macrocapsules.Kune akawanda mavhitamini eB, kupfapfaidza kuomesa kunoshandiswa kuwedzera kugadzikana kwavo uye kugadzira hupfu husina kuyerera.
3. Kusashanda kweinenge mavhitamini ese kunoitika panguva ye extrusion yekudya kwechipfuwo, uye kurasikirwa kwevhithamini muzvokudya zvekakani kunokonzerwa zvakananga nekupisa nekugadzirisa uye nguva yeioni dzesimbi dzemahara.Kurasikirwa pakuomeswa nekuputira (kuwedzera mafuta kana kunyudza pamusoro pechigadzirwa chakaomeswa chakaomeswa) zvakare zvinoenderana nenguva uye tembiricha.
Munguva yekuchengetera, hunyoro hwemukati, tembiricha, pH uye inoshanda simbi ions inokanganisa mwero wekurasikirwa kwemavhitamini.Iine mafomu asina kushanda emaminerari akadai sechelates, oxides kana carbonates anogona kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemavhitaminzi akawanda kana zvichienzaniswa nemaminerari ari sulfate kana yemahara fomu..Iron, mhangura uye zinc zvinonyanya kusimba mukukonzeresa maitiro eFenton uye chizvarwa chemahara radicals.Mishonga iyi inogona kuchenesa mahara radicals kuderedza kurasikirwa kwevhitamini.Kuchengetedza mafuta ekudya kubva kune oxidation chinhu chakakosha mukuderedza kugadzirwa kwemahara radicals mukudya.Kuwedzerwa kwe chelating agents se ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphoric acid, kana synthetic antioxidants yakadai se di-tert-butyl-p-cresol kumafuta inogona kuderedza chizvarwa chemahara radicals.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-16-2022