Ⅰ.Zvinhu zvechikafu
1. Mhedzisiro yezvokudya zvinovaka muviri uye mhedziso yezvokudya zvinovaka muviri zvichakanganisa kutsunga kwekudya.Pamusoro peizvi, mhedzisiro yekudya kwekudya pane digestibility haigone kuregererwa.
2. Kuderedza hukuru hwechikafu chezvokudya zvakasvibirira zvinogona kuvandudza kugaya, nekudaro kunatsiridza kushandiswa kwezvokudya, asi zvinotungamirira mukuderedza kubereka panguva yekugadzira zvokudya, kuwedzera mari yekudya, uye kuderera kwekufamba.
3. Mamiriro ekugadzirisa ekamuri yepretreatment, particle crushing, extrusion steam granulation process kana dryer zvose zvinogona kukanganisa kukosha kwekudya kwechikafu uye nokudaro digestibility.
4. Kudyiswa uye kutarisira kwemhuka dzinovaraidza kunogonawo kukanganisa kugaya, semhando uye uwandu hwezvokudya zvakambodyiswa.
Ⅱ.Zvinhu zvechipfuwo pachacho
Zvisikwa zvemhuka, zvinosanganisira rudzi, zera, bonde, nhanho yechiitiko, uye chimiro chemuviri, zvinofanirwa kutariswa pakusarudza digestibility.
1. Pesvedzero yezvakasiyana-siyana
1) Kuti udzidze maitiro emhando dzakasiyana, Meyer et al.(1999) akaita ongororo yekugayiwa kwezvokudya nemhuka gumi dzakasiyana dzinorema 4.252.5 kg (imbwa 4 kusvika ku9 parudzi).Pakati pavo, imbwa dzekuedza dzakadyiswa nezvokudya zvemakani kana zvakaoma zvekutengeserana nekudya kwakaoma kwe13g / (kg BW · d), nepo maIrish wolfhounds aidyiswa nezvokudya zvekakani nechinhu chakaoma chekutora 10g / d.(kg BW·d).Mhuka dzinorema dzaive nemvura zhinji muzvituru zvadzo, kunaka kwezvituru zvakadzikira uye kugara uchifambisa ura.Mukuedza, tsvina yerudzi rukuru, Irish wolfhound, yakanga ine mvura shoma pane yeLabrador retriever, zvichiratidza kuti uremu handihwo chete hunofanira kufungwa.Misiyano ye digestibility iri pachena pakati pemhando yaive diki.James naMcCay (1950) uye Kendall et al.(1983) yakawana kuti imbwa dzepakati-kati (Salukis, German Shepherds uye Basset hounds) uye imbwa duku (Dachshunds neBeagles) dzaive ne digestibility yakafanana, uye mune zvose Mukuedza, uremu hwemuviri pakati pemarudzi ekuedza hwakanga huri pedyo zvokuti misiyano. mu digestibility aiva madiki.Iyi poindi yakava nzvimbo yekumisikidza yekugadzika kwehukama huremu huremu nehuremu kubva Kirkwood (1985) naMeyer et al.(1993).Huremu husina chinhu hwembwa diki hunoita 6% kusvika 7% yehuremu hwemuviri, nepo iyo yembwa huru inodonha kusvika 3% kusvika 4%.
2) Weber et al.(2003) akadzidza mhedzisiro yezera uye saizi yemuviri pane senge digestibility yekudya kwakawedzera.Nutrient digestibility yaive yakakwira zvakanyanya muimbwa hombe mumapoka ese emazera, kunyangwe imbwa hombe idzi dzaive nezvikamu zvakaderera zvezvituru uye hunyoro hwezvituru.
2. Mhedzisiro yezera
1) Muchidzidzo chaWeber et al.(2003) pamusoro, digestibility ye macronutrients mumarudzi mana embwa anoshandiswa mukuedza akawedzera zvakanyanya nezera (masvondo 1-60).
2) Shields (1993) tsvakurudzo yeFrench Brittany puppies yakaratidza kuti kugayiwa kwezvinhu zvakaoma, mapuroteni uye simba muimbwa dzevhiki gumi neimwe yaive 1, 5 uye 3 muzana yakaderera pane imbwa dzemakore maviri-4, zvichiteerana. .Asi hapana misiyano yakawanikwa pakati peimbwa dzemwedzi mitanhatu ne2-makore.Izvo hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kana iyo yakaderedzwa digestibility mumapuppies inokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekudya kwekudya chete (hukama hwehuremu hwemuviri kana hurefu hwematumbo), kana nekuderera kwekudya kwekudya muboka rezera iri.
3) Buffington et al.(1989) akaenzanisa digestibility yembwa dzebeagle dzine makore maviri kusvika kumakore gumi nemanomwe.Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti, vasati vasvika makore gumi, hapana kuderera kwekudya kwakawanikwa.Pazera remakore 15-17, kuderera kuduku kwekudya kwakaonekwa.
3. Mhedzisiro yevakadzi
Pane zvidzidzo zvishomanana pamusoro pemigumisiro yevarume pakugaya.Varume muimbwa nekatsi vane kudya kwakanyanya uye kuburitsa kupfuura vakadzi, uye kuderera kwekudya kunovaka muviri kupfuura vakadzi, uye mhedzisiro yekusiyana kwevakadzi mumakati yakakura kupfuura imbwa.
III.Zvinhu zvezvakatipoteredza
Mamiriro edzimba uye zvakatipoteredza zvinoita sekupesvedzera kugaya, asi zvidzidzo zvembwa dzinogara mumakeji emetabolism kana nharembozha dzakaratidza kugaya kwakafanana zvisinei nemamiriro edzimba.
Zvinoshanda zvezvakatipoteredza, zvinosanganisira tembiricha yemhepo, humidity, mhepo yemhepo, kufukidzwa kwepasi, kuvharidzira uye kuchinjika kwekushisa kwemadziro nematenga, uye kudyidzana kwavo, zvese zvinogona kukanganisa kugaya chikafu.Tembiricha inoshanda kuburikidza nekubhadharira metabolism kuchengetedza tembiricha yemuviri kana kudya kwakakwana kwekudya munzira mbiri.Zvimwe zvezvakatipoteredza, sehukama pakati pemaneja uye mhuka dzekuyedza uye photoperiod, zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro pakudya kunovaka muviri, asi izvi zvinokonzeresa zvakaoma kuverengera.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-16-2022